But in the eyes of critics, the Kochs had not so much enriched as corrupted academia, sponsoring courses that would otherwise fail to meet the standards of legitimate scholarship. John David, an economics professor at West Virginia University Tech who witnessed the school's transformation, wrote in a scathing newspaper column that it had become clear that "entire academic areas at universities can be bought just like politicians. The difference is that universities are supposed to permit open dialogue and exchange of ideas and not be places for the indoctrination of innocent students with dictated propaganda prescribed by outside special interests."
The first two steps of Fink's plan were now complete. Yet the Koch brothers concluded these steps were still not enough to effect change. Free-market absolutism was a still a sideshow in American politics. They needed the third and final phase of Fink's plan -- a mechanism to deliver their ideas to the street and to mobilize the public's support behind them. "Even great ideas are useless if they remain trapped in the ivory tower," Charles wrote in a 1999 speech. David put them differently. "What we needed was a sales force." (190-191)